Union & State Judiciary of INDIA Practice Questions Answers Test with Solutions

Answer: (a)

The Supreme Court is the highest Court appeal from all courts in India. It hears appeals in

1. cases involving interpretation of the constitution- civil, Criminal or otherwise (Article 132)
2. Civil cases irrespective of any constitutional issue (Article. 133)
3. Criminal matters are irrespective of any constitutional issue (134).
4. Besides, the Supreme Court may grant special leave to appeal in certain cases (136).

The Supreme Court renders advice on any question of law or fact of public importance as may be referred to it for consideration by the President. There are no litigation involved and the opinion given by the Supreme Court is not to be considered as a judgment.

The advice is not binding on the President who may or not accept it. The decision of the Supreme Court is binding on all courts within the territory of India. However, the Supreme Court is not bound by its earlier decision it can come to a different decision if it is convinced that it had made an error or harmed the public interest.

Answer: (c)

The Parliament may make a provision for a common High Court for two or more States or extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to one or more Union Territories. 

Answer: (c)

According to the North-Eastern Areas amendment Bill, 2011, a combined cadre for all India services has been suggested for Tripura and Manipur.

Answer: (b)

In every district, there are civil courts and criminal courts. Under criminal courts, there are courts of the District and Sessions Judge, Additional Sessions Judges, Assistant Sessions Judge, and the courts of the first-class magistrates.

The District and Sessions Judge may pass any legal sentence but a death sentence is subject to confirmation by the High Court. An Assistant-sessions Judge has the power to sentence a person to ten years imprisonment. A first-class Magistrate may pass a sentence of imprisonment not exceeding two years or a fine not exceeding one thousand rupees.

Answer: (c)