model 3 reducing & exceeding prices Section-Wise Topic Notes With Detailed Explanation And Example Questions
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The following question based on percentage topic of quantitative aptitude
(a) 10% increase
(b) 12% increase
(c) 12% decrease
(d) 10% decrease
The correct answers to the above question in:
Answer: (c)
Required percentage change
= $(10 - 20 + {10 × (-20)}/100)$%
= –12% Negative sign shows decrease.
Using Rule 4,
If a number is increased by a% and then it is decreased by b%, then resultant change in percentage will be $(a - b - {ab}/100)$% (Negative for decrease, Positive for increase)
Required percentage = $(10 - 20 - {10 × 20}/100)$
= (–10 – 2) = 12% decrease.
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Read more reducing exceeding prices Based Quantitative Aptitude Questions and Answers
Question : 1
The salary of a person is reduced by 20%. To restore the previous salary, his present salary is to be increased by
a) 20%
b) 17.5%
c) 22.5%
d) 25%
Answer »Answer: (d)
Required percentage increase = $x/{100 - x} × 100$
= $(20/{100 - 20}) × 100 = 20/80 × 100 = 25%$
Question : 2
Due to a price hike of 20%, 4 kg. less sugar is available for Rs. 120. What is the initial price per kg of sugar ?
a) Rs.5 per kg.
b) Rs.6 per kg.
c) Rs.5.5 per kg.
d) Rs.4 per kg.
Answer »Answer: (a)
Original price of sugar = Rs. x/kg. (let)
New price = Rs.${120x}/100$ per kg.
= Rs.${6x}/5$ per kg.
According to the question,
$120/x - 120/{{6x}/5} = 4$
$120/x - {120 × 5}/{6x}$ = 4
$120/x - 100/x$ = 4
$30/x - 25/x$ = 1
$5/x$ = 1 ⇒ x = Rs.5 per kg.
Question : 3
A reduction of 25% in the price of rice enables a person to buy 10 kg more rice for Rs.600. The reduced per kg price of rice is
a) Rs.30
b) Rs.20
c) Rs.15
d) Rs.25
Answer »Answer: (c)
Let original price of rice per kg = Rs.x (let)
New price of rice per kg = Rs.${3x}/4$
$600/{{3x}/4} - 600/x = 10$
$600(4/{3x} - 1/x) = 10$
$600({4 - 3}/{3x})$ = 10
$600/{3x} = 10 ⇒ x = 600/30 = Rs.20$
New price = ${3x}/4 = {3 × 20}/4$ = Rs.15/kg
Method 2: Simple Approach,
If the price of an article is reduced by a% and buyer gets c kg more for some Rs.b, the new price per kg of article = ${ab}/{100 × c}$
= ${25 × 600}/{100 × 10}$ = Rs.15
Using Rule 31,
Reduced price per kg = ${25 × 600}/{100 × 10}$ = Rs.15
Question : 4
A reduction of 20% in the price of sugar enables a purchaser to obtain 8 kg more for Rs.160. Then the price per kg before reduction was
a) Rs.5
b) Rs.10
c) Rs.4
d) Rs.6
Answer »Answer: (a)
Let the original price of sugar be Rs. x per kg.
Reduced price = Rs. ${80x}/100 = Rs.{4x}/5$ per kg.
According to the question,
$160/{{4x}/5} - 160/x$ = 8
${40 × 5}/x - 160/x = 8$
$200/x - 160/x = 8$
$40/x = 8 ⇒ 8x = 40 ⇒ x = 40/8 = 5$ per kg.
Reduced Price = ${4x}/5 = {4 × 5}/5$ = Rs. 4 per kg
Using Rule 31,
Reduced price per kg. = ${21 × 160}/{100 × 8}$ = Rs. 4
Question : 5
A number, on subtracting 15 from it, reduces to its 80%. What is 40% of the number?
a) 75
b) 30
c) 90
d) 60
Answer »Answer: (b)
If the number be x, then
x – 15 = ${4x}/5$
5x – 75 = 4x ⇒ x = 75
40% of 75 = ${75 × 40}/100 = 30$
GET percentage PRACTICE TEST EXERCISES
model 1 simple percentage questions
model 2 net increase or decrease in %
model 3 reducing & exceeding prices
model 4 x & y comparison
model 5 income & expenditure
model 6 consumption & remaining
model 7 marks scored in examinations
Model 8 population based
model 9 voters & election
model 10 percentage with allegations & mixture
model 11 percentage with ratios
percentage Shortcuts and Techniques with Examples
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model 1 simple percentage questions
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 2 net increase or decrease in %
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 3 reducing & exceeding prices
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 4 x & y comparison
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 5 income & expenditure
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 6 consumption & remaining
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 7 marks scored in examinations
Defination & Shortcuts … -
Model 8 population based
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 9 voters & election
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 10 percentage with allegations & mixture
Defination & Shortcuts … -
model 11 percentage with ratios
Defination & Shortcuts …
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