model 2 net increase or decrease in % Section-Wise Topic Notes With Detailed Explanation And Example Questions

MOST IMPORTANT quantitative aptitude - 11 EXERCISES

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The following question based on percentage topic of quantitative aptitude

Questions : Salary of a person is first increased by 20%, then it is decreased by 20%. Percentage change in his salary is :

(a) 4% increased

(b) 20% increased

(c) 8% decreased

(d) 4% decreased

The correct answers to the above question in:

Answer: (d)

Using Rule 4,

"If a number is increased by a% and then it is decreased by b%, then resultant change in percentage will be"

$(a - b - {ab}/100)$%

Change in his salary = $(20 - 20 - {20 × 20}/100)$%

= $(- 400/100)% = - 4%$

i.e. 4% decrease

Note : If A is first increased by x% and then decreased by y% the net % change

= $(x - y - {xy}/100)$%

If the result is positive, the change indicates an increase and if the result is negative, the change indicates a decrease.

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Read more net increase or decrease Based Quantitative Aptitude Questions and Answers

Question : 1

A man spends 75% of his income. His income increases by 20% and his expenditure also increases by 10%. The percentage of increase in his savings is

a) 30%

b) 25%

c) 50%

d) 40%

Answer: (c)

Man's income = Rs.100 (let)

Expenditure = Rs.75

Savings = Rs.25

New income = ${100 × 120}/100 = Rs.120$

New expenditure = ${75 × 110}/100 = Rs.82.5$

Savings = 120 – 82.5 = Rs.37.5

Increase in savings = 37.5 – 25 = Rs.12.5

Increase per cent = $12.5/25 × 100 = 50%$

Question : 2

If the income tax is increased by 19%, the net income is reduced by 1%. The rate of income tax is

a) 4%

b) 7.2%

c) 5%

d) 6%

Answer: (c)

Let the income be Rs.x and the rate of income tax be y %

According to the question,

${xy × 1.19}/100 - {xy}/100 = (x - {xy}/100) × 1/100$

$1.19 xy - xy = x - {xy}/100$

$0.19 y = 1 - y/100$

$y/100 + 0.19y = 1 ⇒ ({1 + 19}/100) = 1$

$y = 100/20 = 5%$

Question : 3

If a number is increased by 25% and the resulting number is decreased by 25%. then the percentage increase or decrease finally is

a) decreased by $6{1}/4$%

b) increased by 6%

c) increased by $6{1}/4$%

d) no change

Answer: (a)

Using Rule 4,

Effective value = $(x + y +{xy}/100)$%

= $(25 - 25 - {25 × 25}/100)%$

[Here, x = 25, y = –25]

= –6.25% = $6{1}/4$% decreased

(Negative value shows decrease).

Question : 4

A number is decreased by 10% and the resulting number is again decreased by 20%. What is the final percentage of decrease?

a) 26%

b) 28%

c) 27%

d) 25%

Answer: (b)

Effective percentage decrease

= $(x + y + {xy}/100)%$

= $(-10 - 20 + {(-10) × (-20)}/100)%$

= (-30 + 2)% = -28%

Question : 5

A number is increased by 20% and then again by 20%. By what per cent should the increased number be reduced so as to get back the original number ?

a) 19$11/31$%

b) 44%

c) 40%

d) 30$5/9$%

Answer: (d)

Let the number be 100.

After 20% increase, number = 120

After 20% increase of 120, number

=$120 × 120/100$ = 144

Per cent decrease = $44/144 × 100$

= $275/9 = 30{5}/9%$

Using Rule 7 and Rule 8,

Increase % = $(20 + 20 + {20 × 20}/100)% = 44%$

Required % = $(44/{100 + 44}) × 100%$

= $4400/144%$

=$275/9% = 30{5}/9%$

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GET percentage PRACTICE TEST EXERCISES

model 1 simple percentage questions

model 2 net increase or decrease in %

model 3 reducing & exceeding prices

model 4 x & y comparison

model 5 income & expenditure

model 6 consumption & remaining

model 7 marks scored in examinations

Model 8 population based

model 9 voters & election

model 10 percentage with allegations & mixture

model 11 percentage with ratios
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