Union & State Judiciary Of INDIA MCQs Set 12 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

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Questions : The Supreme Court of India was set up by the

(a) Charter Act, 1833

(b) Charter Act, 1813

(c) Regulating Act, 1773

(d) Pitt’s India Act, 1984

The correct answers to the above question in:

Answer: (c)

The Regulating Act, 1773 established India’s first Supreme Court, Fort William, Calcutta. This Supreme Court consisted of a Chief Justice and three other regular judges or Puisne judges.

The Supreme Court was the supreme judiciary over all British subjects including the provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Sir Elijah Imphey was the first Chief Justice.

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Read more union and state judiciary of india Based Indian Polity Questions and Answers

Question : 1

According to the Constitution of India the term ‘district judge’ shall not include

a) Chief presidency magistrate

b) Tribunal judge

c) Chief judge of a small cause court

d) Sessions judges

Answer: (b)

Question : 2

To whom does a Judge of the Supreme Court address his resignation if he wants to leave office before his term is complete?

a) Union Law Minister

b) Chief Justice of India

c) Prime Minister

d) President

Answer: (d)

Question : 3

What does the ‘Judicial Review’ function of the Supreme Court mean?

a) Examine the judicial amendments

b) Examine the constitutional validity of the constitution

c) Review its own judgment

d) Review the functioning of judiciary in the country

Answer: (b)

The ‘judicial review’ function of the Supreme Court means to examine the constitutional validity of laws. Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review (and possible invalidation) by the judiciary.

A specific court with judicial review power may annul the acts of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher authority (such as the terms of a written constitution). Judicial review is an example of checks and balances in a modern governmental system (where the judiciary checks the other branches of government).

Question : 4

What is the number of Judges (including Chief Justice) in the Supreme Court of India as provided in the Constitution of India?

a) 28

b) 26

c) 20

d) 24

Answer: (b)

The Supreme Court originally consisted of a Chief-Justice and seven other judges. In 1985, the strength was increased. It comprises the chief justice and not more than 25 other judge.

Question : 5

What is the meaning of “Public Interest Litigation”?

a) Anything of public interest

b) A case brought by anyone to court involving public interest

c) A directive issued by Supreme Court involving public interest

d) A case brought by victim to court, involving public interest

Answer: (b)

Public Interest Litigation, or PIL, is defined as the use of litigation, or legal action, which seeks to advance the cause of minority or disadvantaged groups or individuals, or which raises issues of broad public concern.

It is litigation introduced in a court of law, not by the aggrieved party but by the court itself or by any other private party. It is not necessary, for the exercise of the court’s jurisdiction, that the person who is the victim of the violation of his or her right should personally approach the court.

Question : 6

In India, Judicial Review implies

a) The power of the Judiciary to review its own judgments given earlier in similar or different cases

b) The power of the Judiciary to question the wisdom of the laws enacted by the Legislatures

c) The power of the Judiciary to review all the legislative enactments before they are assented to by the President

d) The power of the Judiciary to pronounce upon the constitutionality of laws and executive orders

Answer: (d)

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