honours & awards section 8 Practice Questions Answers Test with Solutions & More Shortcuts

Answer: (a)

Arvind Kejriwal is an Indian social activist. He was an Indian Revenue Service official before joining social and political activities.

He was awarded Ramon Magsaysay Award for Emergent Leadership in 2006, for activating India’s Right to Information movement at grassroots and social activities to empower the poorest citizens to fight corruption by holding the government answerable to the people.

Kejriwal is also a Saathi (fellow) of the Association for India’s Development, a Global Impact award-winning NGO.

In 2006 after resigning from IRS, he founded an NGO Public Cause Research Foundation by donating his Magsaysay award money as a corpus fund. In November 2012, he launched the Aam Aadmi Party, claiming that the party’s vision was Swaraj.

Note: Human rights activist Bezwada Wilson and Carnatic musician Thodur Madabusi Krishna are winners of the Magsaysay Award from India in 2016.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

The Jnanpith Award is a literary award in India. Along with the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, it is one of the two most prestigious literary honours in the country.

The award was instituted in 1961. Any Indian citizen who writes in any of the official languages of India is eligible for the honour. It is presented by the Bharatiya Jnanpith, a trust founded by the Sahu Jain family, the publishers of The Times of India newspaper.

Rajendra Shah won the Jnanpith — the Indian government’s most prestigious literary prize — for the year 2001. was a lyrical poet who wrote in Gujarati.

Indira Goswami won this award in 2000.

Note: The Jnanpith Award is an Indian literary award presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith to an author for their “outstanding contribution towards literature”.

Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian writers writing in Indian languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India and English. As of 2015, the cash prize has been revised to 11 lakh (equivalent to 12 lakh or US$18,000 in 2016).

The most recent recipient of the award is Bengali poet and critic Shankha Ghosh who was awarded for the year 2016.

Answer: (a)

Liu Xiaobo is a Chinese literary critic, writer, professor, and human rights activist who called for political reforms and the end of communist single-party rule. He is currently incarcerated as a political prisoner in Jinzhou, Liaoning.

Liu has served from 2003 to 2007 as President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center, an organization funded by the National Endowment for Democracy, which in turn is almost entirely funded by the US Congress.

He was also the President of NED-funded Min Zhu Zhong Guo (Democratic China) magazine since the mid-1990s.

On 8 December 2008, Liu was detained because of his participation in the Charter 08 manifesto. He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 on suspicion of “inciting subversion of state power.” He was tried on the same charges on 23 December 2009 and sentenced to eleven years’ imprisonment and two years’ deprivation of political rights on 25 December 2009.

Note: The Prize in Economics is not one of the original Nobel Prizes created by Alfred Nobel’s.

The prize was established in 1968 by a donation from Sweden’s central bank, the Swedish National Bank. The Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded jointly to Oliver Hart and Bengt Holmström for the year 2016.

Answer: (b)

Madame Curie shared her 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with her husband Pierre Curie and with physicist Henri Becquerel. She was the sole winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Her achievements included a theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined), techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements, polonium and radium.

Under her direction, the world’s first studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasms, using radioactive isotopes.