Union & State Judiciary Of INDIA MCQs Set 11 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

Public Interest Litigation, or PIL, is defined as the use of litigation, or legal action, which seeks to advance the cause of minority or disadvantaged groups or individuals, or which raises issues of broad public concern.

It is litigation introduced in a court of law, not by the aggrieved party but by the court itself or by any other private party. It is not necessary, for the exercise of the court’s jurisdiction, that the person who is the victim of the violation of his or her right should personally approach the court.

Answer: (a)

The fountain source of law in India is the Constitution which, in turn, gives due recognition to statutes, case law, and customary law consistent with its dispensations. Statutes are enacted by Parliament, State Legislatures, and Union Territory Legislatures.

There is also a vast body of laws known as subordinate legislation in the form of rules, regulations as well as by-laws made by Central and State Governments and local authorities like Municipal Corporations, Municipalities, Gram Panchayats, and other local bodies.

This subordinate legislation is made under the authority conferred or delegated either by Parliament or State or Union Territory Legislature concerned. The decisions of the Supreme Court are binding on all courts within the territory of India. As India is a land of diversities, local customs, and conventions that are not against the statute, morality, etc. are to a limited extent also recognized and taken into account by Courts while administering justice in certain spheres.

Answer: (b)

According to Article 217 of Indian Constitution, a person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and l has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or l has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession; etc.

Answer: (b)

The key function of the Judiciary is the adjudication of civil and criminal cases. In addition, it interprets the constitution and gives effect to its provisions, as well as providing the expertise in interpreting of the laws.

Further, the Judiciary performs other related duties in promotion of human rights, social justice and morality.