atmosphere & climatology section 8 Practice Questions Answers Test with Solutions & More Shortcuts

Answer: (d)

The amount of water vapour in the air at any given time is usually less than that required to saturate the air. The relative humidity is the percent ofsaturation humidity, generally calculated in relation to saturated vapour density.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (a)

1. The Brickfielder is a hot and dry wind in the desert of Southern Australia that occurs in the summer season.
2. The term Sirocco (sometimes also spelt Scirocco) is an all-inclusive name given to hot and subsequently humid southeast to southwest winds originating as hot, dry desert-air over Northern Africa, flowing northward into the southern Mediterranean basin.
3. Berg wind is the South African name for a katabatic wind: a hot dry wind blowing down the Great Escarpment from the high central plateau to the coast.
4. A Texas Norther, also known as a blue norther, is a cold front in the U.S. state of Texas, marked. Wind chill due to a combination of cold temperatures and strong winds is dangerous to anyone who is caught unaware and unprepared for it.

Answer: (d)

The horse latitudes are regions located at about 30 degrees north and south of the equator. These latitudes are characterized by calm winds and little precipitation.

Answer: (b)

The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth’s atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere’s mass and 99% of its water vapour and aerosols. The average depth of the troposphere is approximately 17 km in the middle latitudes.

It is deeper in the tropics, up to 20 km, and shallower near the Polar Regions, at 7 km in summer, and indistinct in winter. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.