model 2 hiking & discounting Section-Wise Topic Notes With Detailed Explanation And Example Questions
MOST IMPORTANT quantitative aptitude - 4 EXERCISES
The following question based on discount topic of quantitative aptitude
(a) 11$1/9$%
(b) 13$1/9$%
(c) 12$1/9$%
(d) 10$1/9$%
The correct answers to the above question in:
Answer: (a)
Marked price = Rs.x
Discount = Rs.$x/5$
S.P. = $x - x/5 = Rs.{4x}/5$
Loss = Rs.$x/10$
C.P. = ${4x}/5 + x/10$
= ${8x + x}/10 = Rs.{9x}/10$
Loss per cent = ${x/10}/{{9x}/10} × 100$
= $100/9 = 11{1}/9$%
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Question : 1
A shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% on the marked price of an item but charges a sales tax of 8% on the discounted price. If the customer pays Rs.3,402 as the price including the sales tax, then the marked price is
a) Rs.3,500
b) Rs.3,800
c) Rs.3,600
d) Rs.3,400
Answer »Answer: (a)
Marked price of article = Rs.x (let)
S.P. of article
= Rs.$(x × 90/100 × 108/100)$
$x × 90/100 × 108/100$ = 3402
$x = {3402 × 100 × 100}/{90 × 108}$
$x$ = Rs.3500
Question : 2
A merchant allows a discount of 10% on marked price for the cash payment. To make a profit of 17%, he must mark his goods higher than their cost price by
a) 40%
b) 30%
c) 27%
d) 33%
Answer »Answer: (b)
C.P. of article = Rs.100
Let marked price of article x.
$x × 90/100 = 117$
$x = {117 × 100}/90$
= Rs.130 or 30% above the cost price.
Using Rule 8,
Here, $r_1$ = 10%, gain % = 17%, r = ?
Gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
17 = ${r × (100 - 10)}/100 - 10$
27 = ${r × 90}/100$ ⇒ r = 30%
Question : 3
A merchant marks his goods 40% above the cost price and sells them at a discount of 15%. Find his gain %.
a) 22%
b) 20%
c) 19%
d) 25%
Answer »Answer: (c)
Let the C.P. of each article be Rs.100.
Marked price = Rs.140
S.P. = ${140 × 85}/100$ = Rs.119
Gain per cent = 19%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 40%, $r_1$ = 15%
Gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${40 × (100 - 15)}/100 - 15$
= ${40 × 85}/100 - 15$
= $3400/100$ - 15 = 19%
Question : 4
The marked price is 20% higher than cost price. A discount of 20% is given on the marked price. By this type of sale, there is
a) 2% loss
b) 4% gain
c) no loss no gain
d) 4% loss
Answer »Answer: (d)
Let Cost price = Rs.100
Marked price = Rs.120
Selling price = ${120 × 80}/100$ = Rs.96
Loss = Rs.4 and loss per cent = 4%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 20%, $r_1$ = 20%
Loss % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${20 × (100 - 20)}/100 - 20$
= ${20 × 80}/100 - 20$
= –4% (–ve sign shows loss)
= 4% loss
Question : 5
A dealer marks his goods 20% above their cost price. He then allows some discount on marked price so that he makes a profit of 10%. The rate of discount is
a) 9$1/3$%
b) 8$1/3$%
c) 8$2/3$%
d) 10$1/3$%
Answer »Answer: (b)
Let cost price of article = Rs.100
Marked price of article
= ${100 × 120}/100$ = Rs.120
S.P. of article = Rs.110
Discount = 120 - 110 = Rs.10
If discount = x%, then
${120 × x}/100$ = 10
$x = {10 × 100}/120 = 25/3 = 8{1}/3$%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 20%, Profit = 10%
Let, discount $r_1$ = x%
Profit % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
10 = ${20 × (100 - x)}/100 - r_1$
1000 = 2000 - 20x - 100x
–1000 = –120x
$x = 100/12 = 25/3 = 8{1}/3$%
Question : 6
Maha Bazaar offers 20% discount on bags which have been marked 50% above the cost price. Amarnath pays Rs.840 for a bag. Then the cost price of the bag is
a) Rs.700
b) Rs.810
c) Rs.790
d) Rs.672
Answer »Answer: (a)
Let the cost price be Rs.100.
Marked price = Rs.150
S.P. = ${150 × 80}/100$ = Rs.120
when S.P. = 120, C.P. = Rs.100
when S.P. = 840
C.P.= $100/120 × 840$ = Rs.700
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 50%, $r_1$ = 20%, S.P. = Rs.840
Gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${50 × (100 - 20)}/100 - 20$
= ${50 × 80}/100 - 20$= 20%
We know that
Gain % = $\text"S.P. - C.P."/{C.P.} ×100$
20 = $({840 - x}/x) × 100$
20x= 84000 - 100x
120x = 84000
x = 700
∴ C.P. = Rs.700
GET discount PRACTICE TEST EXERCISES
model 1 profit x after discount y
model 2 hiking & discounting
model 3 successive discount
model 4 mixed discount problems of marked price
discount Shortcuts and Techniques with Examples
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