model 2 hiking & discounting Section-Wise Topic Notes With Detailed Explanation And Example Questions
MOST IMPORTANT quantitative aptitude - 4 EXERCISES
The following question based on discount topic of quantitative aptitude
(a) 10.4%
(b) 8.2%
(c) 8.6%
(d) 12%
The correct answers to the above question in:
Answer: (a)
Suppose C.P. = 100
On 20% above S.P. = 120
On discount of 8%
= $120 - 120 × 8/100$
= $120 - 48/5$ = 120 - 9.6 = 110.4
Gain = 110.4 - 100 = 10.4%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 20%, $r_1$ = 8%
Profit or loss
= ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${20 × (100 - 8)}/100 - 8$
= ${20 × 92}/100 - 8$
= 18.4 - 8 = 10.4% profit
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Question : 1
Jasmine allows 4% discount on the marked price of her goods and still earns a profit of 20%. What is the cost price of a shirt if its marked price is Rs.850?
a) Rs.720
b) Rs.680
c) Rs.700
d) Rs.650
Answer »Answer: (b)
Cost price of the shirt = Rs.x
$x × 120/100 = {850 × 96}/100$
x × 120 = 850 × 96
$x = {850 × 96}/120$ = Rs.680
Using Rule 6,If r% of profit or loss occur after giving D% discount on marked price, then$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 ± r}/{100 - D}$(positive sign for profit and negative for loss)
Here r = 20%, D = 4%, M.P. = Rs.850, C.P. = ?
$\text"M.P."/\text"C.P."= {100 + r}/{100 - D}$
$850/\text"C.P." = {100 + 20}/{100 - 4}$
C.P. = ${850 × 96}/120$
C.P. = Rs.680
Question : 2
Anand marks up the price of an article by 50% and then allows a discount of 20% and sells it to Balaji. Balaji sells it for Rs.20 more than what he purchased for, this S.P is 30% more than the original C.P of the article. Then Balaji's profit % is
a) 6.66%
b) 9%
c) 8.33%
d) 7.5%
Answer »Answer: (c)
For Anand,
Cost price = Rs.x
Marked price = Rs.$3/2$x
Selling price
= ${3x}/2 × 80/100$ = Rs.${6x}/5$
For Balaji,
Cost price = Rs.${6x}/5$
Selling price = Rs.$({6x}/5 + 20)$
${6x}/5 + 20 = {x × 130}/100$
${13x}/10 - {6x}/5 = 20$
${13x - 12x}/10 = 20$
$x/10$ = 20 ⇒ x = Rs.200
Required gain percent
= $20/{{6x}/5} × 100$
= ${20 × 5 × 100}/{6 × 200} = 25/3 =8.33%$
Question : 3
How much percent above the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so as to earn a profit of 32% after allowing a discount of 12% on the marked price ?
a) 40%
b) 45%
c) 60%
d) 50%
Answer »Answer: (d)
Let the C.P. be Rs.100
and the marked price be Rs.x.
$x × 88/100$ = 132
$x = {132 × 100}/88$
= 150 i.e., more by 50%
Required percentage = 50%
Using Rule 8,A tradesman marks his goods r% above his cost price. If he allows his customers a discount of $r_1$% on the marked price. Then is profit or loss per cent is${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$(Positive sign signifies profit and negative sign signifies loss).
Here, Gain % = 32%, $r_1$ = 12%, r = ?
Gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
32 = ${r × (100 - 12)}/100 - 12$
44 = ${r × 88}/100$
r = 50%
Question : 4
A trader marks his goods45% above the cost price and gives a discount of 20% on the marked price. The gain % on goods he makes is :
a) 14%
b) 16%
c) 29%
d) 15%
Answer »Answer: (b)
Let the C.P. of article be Rs.100
Marked price = Rs.145
S.P. = ${145 × 80}/100$ = Rs.116
Profit percent = 16%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 45%, $r_1$ = 20%
Gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${45 × (100 - 20)}/100 - 20$
= $3600/100$ - 20
= 36 - 20 = 16%
Question : 5
A trader marked the selling price of an article at 10% above the cost price. At the time of selling, he allows certain discount and suffers a loss of 1%. He allowed the discount of :
a) 10%
b) 10.5%
c) 9%
d) 11%
Answer »Answer: (a)
Let C.P. be 100
Marked price = 110
x% of 110 = 11
x = ${11 × 100}/110$ = 10%
Using Rule 8,
Here, loss % = 1%, r = 10%, $r_1$ = x%
loss % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
–1 = ${100 × (100 - x)}/100 - x$
(–ve sign for loss)
–100 = 1000 - 10x - 100x
+110x = 1100
x = 10% ⇒ r1 =10%
Question : 6
A tradesman marks his goods 10% above his cost price. If he allows his customers 10% discount on the marked price, how much profit or loss does he make, if any?
a) 1%loss
b) No gain, no loss
c) 5% gain
d) 1% gain
Answer »Answer: (a)
Required loss [As per Rule]
= $({10 × 10}/100)$% = 1%
Using Rule 8,A tradesman marks his goods r% above his cost price. If he allows his customers a discount of $r_1$% on the marked price. Then is profit or loss per cent is${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$(Positive sign signifies profit and negative sign signifies loss).
Here, r = 10% and $r_1$ = 10%
Required profit or loss
= ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${10 × (100 - 10)}/100 - 10$
= 9 - 10
= –1% (–ve sign shows loss) = 1% loss
GET discount PRACTICE TEST EXERCISES
model 1 profit x after discount y
model 2 hiking & discounting
model 3 successive discount
model 4 mixed discount problems of marked price
discount Shortcuts and Techniques with Examples
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