physiography geomorphology of india section 1 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Answer: (b)

The Nallamalas are a section of the Eastern Ghats which stretch primarily over Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Guntur, Prakasam and Kadapa districts of the state of Andhra Pradesh. They run in a nearly north-south alignment, parallel to the Coromandel Coast for close to 430 km between the rivers, Krishna and Pennar.

Its northern boundaries are marked by the flat Palnadu basin while in the south it merges with the Tirupati hills. An extremely old system, the hills have been extensively weathered and eroded over the years.

Answer: (b)

Coral reefs are underwater structures made from calcium carbonate secreted by corals. Coral reefs are colonies of tiny animals found in marine waters that contain few nutrients.

Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, which in turn consist of polyps that cluster in groups.

Answer: (b)

In physical geography, a dune is a hill of sand built either by wind or water flow. Dunes occur in different forms and sizes, formed by interaction with the flow of air or water. Most kinds of dunes are longer on the windward side where the sand is pushed up the dune and have a shorter "slip face" in the lee of the wind.

The origin of sand dunes is very complex, but there are three essential prerequisites:

1. An abundant supply of loose sand in a region generally devoid of vegetation (such as an ancient lake bed or river delta);
2. A wind energy source sufficient to move the sand grains; and
3. A topography whereby the sand particles lose their momentum and settle out.

Answer: (a)

During the hot weather period, i.e from March to May the Eastern and North-eastern states of the subcontinent like West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Odisha (parts) and Bangladesh experience the dramatic appearance of a special type of violent thunderstorm known as Nor’wester.

In Bengal, it is known as ‘Kal Baisakhi’ or calamity of the month of Baisakh (April,15-May,15).

Apart from its destructive effects like a sudden rise in wind speed, lightning, thunder and hail the rainfall associated with the storm although small in amount, is extremely helpful for the pre-Kharif crops like jute, paddy, summer till and a large number of vegetables and fruits and the sudden drop in temperature gives relief after unbearable mid-day heat.

Answer: (b)