geomorphology & earth landforms section 1 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (c)

The most powerful agents of marine or coastal erosion are waves. Features associated with coastal erosion are capes and bays; cliffs and wave-cut platforms; cave, arch, stack and stump; goes and gloups.

Answer: (b)

Earthquakes are caused by faulting, a sudden lateral or vertical movement of rock along a rupture (break) surface. Earthquakes often occur in volcanic regions and are caused there, both by tectonic faults and the movement of magma in volcanoes.

Such earthquakes can serve as an early warning of volcanic eruptions, as during the Mount St. Helens eruption of 1980.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

An equator is the intersection of a sphere’s surface with the plane perpendicular to the sphere’s axis of rotation and containing the sphere’s center of mass. Notably, the Equator refers to the Earth’s equator, per above: an imaginary line on the Earth’s surface equidistant from the North Pole and the South Pole, dividing the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.

Other planets and spherical astronomical bodies have equators similarly defined. The length of the Equator is roughly 40,075 kilometers.

Answer: (b)

Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property.

Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.

Answer: (d)

Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries.

Tectonic earthquakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.