atmosphere & climatology section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

If the Earth didn’t rotate, winds would travel either north or south due to differences in temperature and pressure at different latitudes. But since the Earth does rotate, the Coriolis force deflects these winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

The Coriolis Effect is caused by the rotation of the Earth and the inertia of the mass experiencing the effect. Because the Earth completes only one rotation per day, the Coriolis force is quite small, and its effects generally become noticeable only for motions occurring over large distances and long periods of time, such as largescale movement of air in the atmosphere or water in the ocean.

Such motions are constrained by the surface of the earth, so only the horizontal component of the Coriolis force is generally important. This force causes moving objects on the surface of the Earth to be deflected in a clockwise sense (with respect to the direction of travel) in the northern hemisphere, and in an anti-clockwise sense in the southern hemisphere.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

The ozone layer is a region of Earth’s stratosphere. it is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth.

The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 per cent of the Sun’s medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which otherwise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

The most significant natural sources of atmospheric methane are wetlands. Wetlands are characterized by waterlogged soils and distinctive communities of plant and animal species that have evolved and adapted to the constant presence of water.

Due to this high level of water saturation as well as warm weather, wetlands are one of the most significant natural sources of atmospheric methane.