world organisations section 2 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (b)

The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace.

The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions.

There are 193 member states, including every internationally recognized sovereign state in the world but Vatican City. From its offices around the world, the UN and its specialized agencies decide on substantive and administrative issues in regular meetings held throughout the year. The organization has six principal organs.

Answer: (d)

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is headquartered at Centre William Rappard, Geneva, Switzerland. It is an intergovernmental organization which regulates international trade. The WTO officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement.

Answer: (d)

In 1945, the Bretton Woods Agreement Act was enacted. Under the Article of Agreement of the I.M.F, each member of the IMF was required to establish a par value for its currency expressed in terms of gold, and to take appropriate measures to permit within its territories exchange transactions between its own currency and those of other IMF members for the official settlement of international transactions. Only the dollar remained convertible into gold at a price of $35 per ounce.

Each country decided what it wanted its exchange rate to be vis-à-vis the dollar and then calculated the gold par value of the currency based on that selected dollar exchange rate.

All participating countries agreed to try to maintain the value of their currencies within 1 per cent of the Par value by buying or selling currencies(or gold) as needed.

Answer: (c)

During the past decade, health has achieved unprecedented prominence as a key driver of socioeconomic progress, and more resources than ever are being invested in health. Yet poverty continues to contribute to poor health, and poor health anchors large populations in poverty.