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DIRECTIONS:
Read the fol lowing passages carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words are given in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions.
PASSAGE
The development of nationalism in the third world countries, as is well known, followed a very different trajectory from that in the advanced capitalist countries. In the latter it was a part of the process of the emergence of the bourgeois order in opposition to feudalism, while in the former it was a part of the anti-colonial struggle. The impact of colonialism, though it differed across countries, had on the whole been in the direction of transcending localism and unifying supra-local economic structures through the introduction of market relations. The struggle against colonialism, consequently, took the form of a national struggle in each instance in which people belonging to different tribes or linguistic communities participated. And the colonial power in each instance attempted to break this emerging national unity by splitting people.
The modus operandi of this splitting was not just through political manipulation as happened for instance in Angola, South Africa and a host of other countries; an important part of this modus operandi was through the nurturing of a historiograpy that just denied the existence of any overarching national consciousness. The national struggle, the national movement were given a tribal or religious character, they were portrayed as being no more than the movement of the dominant tribe or the dominant religious group for the achievement of narrow sectional ends. But the important point in this colonialism, while, on the one hand, it objectively created the condition for the coming into being of a national consciousness at a supra-tribal, supra-local and suprareligious level, on the other hand it sought deliberately to subvert this very consciousness by using the same forces which it had objectively undermined.
The following question based on reading comprehension topic of general english mcq
(a) support the argument that feudalism was opposed by people in underdeveloped countries also
(b) lay stress on the fact that tribals in those countries were divided on account of language
(c) emphasise how nationalism has become almost extinct and capitalism has borne roots
(d) bring out the similarity of tactics used by the rulers of colonies to divide the natives
e) None of these
The correct answers to the above question in:
Answer: (d)
Discuss Form
Read more reading comprehension Based General English Questions and Answers
Question : 1
What was the role of introduction of market relations in the process of economic integration?
a) It advocated importance of localism and restricted economic growth.
b) It broke the shackles of localism and helped unify the economic structures.
c) It overthrew the capitalistic approach in the third world countries.
d) It had different impacts in all colonial exercises.
e) None of these
Answer »Answer: (b)
The impact of colonialism had on the whole been in the direction of transcending localism and unifying supra-local economic structures through the introduction of market relations.
Question : 2
How did nationalism originate in the third world countries?
a) to advocate capitalistic movement
b) to strengthen localism
c) as vehement opposition to colonialism
d) as a struggle against feudalism
e) None of these
Answer »Answer: (c)
It originated as anti-colonial struggle.
Question : 3
What was the motive of colonial powers in writing a distorted history?
a) to make people aware of their glorious religion and widely used language
b) to give an impression to general people that there was no national consciousness and to prevent them from being united
c) to make people aware of and to integregate on the basis of their rich cultural heritage
d) to emphasise the existence of domination by one tribe over other weaker tribes
e) None of these
Answer »Answer: (b)
It was meant to deny the existence of any overarching national consciousness.
Question : 4
How did colonial power react to topple the anticolonial structure?
a) by creating linguistic, tribal and religious divides
b) by instigating tribals against anti-communal forces
c) by using tempting economic strategies
d) by splitting people on the basis of their financial positions
e) None of these
Answer »Answer: (a)
The colonial powers tried to divide people on linguistic and religious lines.
Question : 5
Which of the following was the advantage of struggle against colonialism?
a) Backwardness of tribals was eradicated.
b) Awareness beyond linguistic and religious identity was generated.
c) Communities got divided on the basis of religion and language.
d) Tribal groups held their separate identity throughout the struggle.
e) None of these
Answer »Answer: (b)
DIRECTIONS:
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below. Certain words/phrases are printed in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions.
PASSAGE
One may look at life, events, society, history, in another way. A way which might, at a stretch, be described as the Gandhian way, though it may be from times before Mahatma Gandhi came on the scene. The Gandhian reaction to all grim poverty, squalor and degradation of the human being would approximate to effort at selfchange and self-improvement, to a regime of living regulated by discipline from within. To change society, the individual must first change himself. In this way of looking at life and society, words too begin to mean differently. Revolution, for instance, is a term frequently used, but not always in the sense it has been in the lexicon of the militant. So also with words like peace and struggle. Even society may mean differently, being some kind of organic entity for the militant, and more or less a sum of individuals for the Gandhian. There is yet another way, which might, for want of a better description, be called the mystic. The mystic's perspective measures these concerns that transcend political ambition and the dynamism of the reformer, whether he be militant or Gandhian. The mystic measures the terror of not knowing the remorseless march of time; he seeks to know what was before birth, what comes after death? The continuous presence of death, of the consciousness of death, sets his priorities and values: militants and Gandhians, kings and prophets, must leave all that they have built; all that they have unbuilt and depart when messengers of the buffalo-riding Yama come out of the shadows. Water will to water, dust to dust. Think of impermanence. Everything passes.
Question : 6
What does society mean to a Gandhian?
a) a disciplined social community
b) a regime of living regulated by discipline from within
c) an organic entity
d) a sum of individuals
Answer »Answer: (d)
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