reading comprehension section 6 Detailed Explanation And More Example

DIRECTIONS:

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words in the passage are printed in bold to help you to locate them easily while answering some of the questions.

PASSAGE

We have witnessed several disasters in recent times, some natural others man made. The frequency of such calamities has Injured us and deadened our collective sensitivity, but that does not reduce the enormity of the personal tragedy of each victims family and community. The economic loss is only secondary to the human suffering, but is also substantial. The Government whether State or Central has standardized its response. This consists of reacting late, blaming others, visits by VIPs announcing a relief package including compensation for those affected and then forgetting all about it.

There seems to be little attempt at drawing lessons from each disaster, storing the knowledge for future use, long term planning for possible preemptive action. Preparedness for disasters thus falls short of what is possible using today's technologies. Floods in many parts of India like the states of Bihar and Assam are a yearly phenomenon. Yet the government, seems to be caught, by surprise year after year. It is obvious that tarpaulins, vaccines, medicines, clothes, satellite phones, large numbers Of doctors and paramedical staff etc. will be needed as will boats and buses for evacuation. This is known to all those who have combated emergencies yet the no availability of these essential services and commodities occurs. Worse the organizational structure and mechanisms for dealing with disasters are lethargic and ill defined. The National Disaster Management Agency, set up a short time ago being a central government agency has limitations relating to the jurisdiction of states. It could have aggregated and disseminated experiences and knowledge, stocked many of the essential items required in an emergency or worked with agencies to ensure sufficient stocks, but hasn't. While the reaction to major disasters is dismal, the response to emergencies like accident is equally sad. Victim lie unattended since passersby are way of getting caught in a labyrinthine of police and legal systems. The resulting delay in treatment converts injuries into deaths.

Of late, unique and free service to provide assistance in emergency cases is operational. Emergency Management and Research Institute (EMRI) is a professionally managed operation initiated by the vision and grant from Ramalinga Raju. The service, which is a successful example of public private partnership likely to become operational in a few states in the near future. Given the sad failure of conventional government organizations in handling disasters, it is time we looked at the PPP model as an alternative without the government seeking In any way to abdicate its responsibility. While the state provides the funding, private organizations will provide the drive, professionalism, competent management and output linked efficiency of a good corporate organisation. Combining the sensitivity and purpose of an NGO with private entrepreneurial drive to handle disasters together is thus a worthwhile challenge for both corporate and the government.