Critical Reasoning section 3 MCQ Detailed Explanation And More Example

Question : 1

Efficiency is all right in its place, in the shop, the factory, the store. The trouble with efficiency is that it wants to rule our play as well as our work; it won't be content to reign in the shop, it follows us home. It can be inferred from the above passage that

a) Efficiency can become all - pervading

b) Efficiency can be more of a torture than a blessing

c) Efficiency does not always pay

d) None of these

Question : 2

Developed countries have made adequate provisions for social security for senior citizens. State insurers (as well as private ones) offer medicare and pension benefits to people who can no longer earn. In India, with the collapse of the joint family system, the traditional shelter of the elderly has disappeared. And a state faced with a financial crunch is not in a position to provide financial security, So, it is advisable that the working population give serious thought to building a financial base for itself. Which one of the following, if it were to happen, weakens the conclusion drawn in the above passage the most

a) The insurance sector is under developed and trends indicate that it will be extensively privatized in the future.

b) India is on a path of development that will take it to a developed country status, with all its positive and negative implications.

c) The insurance sector is under developed and trends indicate that it will be extensively privatized in the future.

d) If the working population builds a stronger financial base, there will be a revival of the joint family system.

Question : 3

Most citizens are very conscientious about observing a law when they can see the reason behind it. For instance, there has been very little need to actively enforce the recently implemented law that increased the penalty for godmen duping people of their money by playing with their emotions. This is because citizens are very conscientious about duping someone in the name of religion, as it leaves their religious gurus with a bad name. Which of the following statements would the author of this passage be most likely to believe?

a) The increased penalty alone is a significant motivation for most citizens to obey the law.

b) Godmen should not be allowed to play with the emotions of the people.

c) There are still too many inconsiderate citizens in the society.

d) Society should make an effort to teach citizens the reasons for its laws.

Question : 4

The burning of coal, oil and other combustible energy sources produces carbon dioxide, a natural constituent of the atmosphere. Elevated levels of carbon dioxide are thought to be responsible for half the greenhouse effect. Enough carbon dioxide has been sent into the atmosphere already to cause a significant temperature increase. Growth in industrial production must be slowed, or production processes must be changed. Which of the following, if true, would tend to weaken the strength of the above conclusion?

a) Many areas of the world are cold anyway, so a small rise in temperature would be welcome.

b) Most carbon dioxide is emitted by automobiles.

c) Carbon dioxide is bad for health

d) Industry is switching over to synthetic liquid fuel extracted from coal.

Question : 5

Newspaper publishers earn their profits primarily from advertising revenue, and potential advertisers are more likely to advertise in newspapers with a wide circulation—a large number of subscribers and other readers—than with other newspapers. But the circulation of the newspaper that is currently the most profitable one in this city has steadily declined during the last two years, while the circulation of one of its competitors has steadily increased. Any of the following, if true, would help explain the apparent discrepancy between the two statements above EXCEPT:

a) Advertisers generally switch from the most widely circulated newspaper to another one only when the other one becomes the most widely circulated newspaper instead.

b) The most profitable newspaper in the city receives revenue from its subscribers as well from advertisers.

c) Advertising rates charged by the most profitable newspaper in the city are significantly higher than those charged by its competitors.

d) The number of newspapers competing viably with the most profitable newspaper in the city has increased during the last two years.

Question : 6

The offer of the government to make iodised salt available at a low price of one rupee per kilo is welcome, especially since the government seems to be so concerned about the ill effects of noniodised salt. But it is doubtful whether the offer will actually be implemented. Way back in 1994, the governmental methods for reducing the costs of iodisation to about five paise per kilo. But these reports have remained just those-reports on paper. Which one of the following, if true most weakens the author's contention that it is doubtful whether the offer will be actually implemented?

a) The government proposes to save on costs by using the three methods it has already devised for iodisation.

b) Many small-scale and joint sector units have completed trials to use the three iodisation methods for regular production.

c) The chain of fair-price distribution outlets now covers all the districts of the state.

d) The government which initiated the earlier effort is in place even today and has more information on the effects of no-iodised salt