atmosphere & climatology section 8 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (c)

In a hailstorm, small ice particles that form above the freezing level (which occurs in all thunderstorms) collect either rainwater or cloud water on them, forming a water shell that freezes.

The tilted updraft and downdraft structure of the storm is important in order for hailstones to grow because they can be ‘recycled’ several times until they either become too large for the updraft to carry them, or they get caught in a downdraft, and they finally reach the ground.

Answer: (b)

The jet stream is fast blowing westerlies in the upper part of the troposphere. Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow air currents found in the atmospheres of some planets, including Earth.

The main jet streams are located near the tropopause, the transition between the troposphere (where temperature decreases with altitude) and the stratosphere (where temperature increases with altitude).

Answer: (a)

The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere, and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

In a cyclone, the area of low pressure is at the centre surrounded by the areas of high pressure.

In an anticyclone, the area of high pressure is surrounded by the areas of high pressure.

Answer: (a)