atmosphere & climatology section 5 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (d)

Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

There are six main requirements for tropical cyclogenesis:

1. Sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures, atmospheric instability,
2. High humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere,
3. Enough Coriolis force to sustain a low-pressure centre,
4. A preexisting low-level focus or disturbance, and low vertical wind shear,
5. While these conditions are necessary for tropical cyclone formation and
6. They do not guarantee that a tropical cyclone will form.

Answer: (c)

Doldrums are noted for their calm periods when winds disappear totally. They are a low pressure area around the equator.

Answer: (c)

A hurricane is a huge storm! It can be up to 600 miles across and have strong winds spiralling inward and upward at speeds of 75 to 200 mph.

Each hurricane usually lasts for over a week, moving 10-20 miles per hour over the open ocean. Hurricanes gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters.

Answer: (d)

The stratosphere defines a layer in which temperatures rises with increasing altitude. At the top of the stratosphere, the thin air may attain temperatures close to 0^oC.

This rise in temperature is caused by the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun by the ozone layer.

Such a temperature profile creates very stable atmospheric conditions. Consequently, the stratosphere is almost completely free of clouds or other forms of weather.