macro fundamentals, GDP, investment & growth section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation
MOST IMPORTANT indian economy mcq - 4 EXERCISES
The following question based on Macro fundamentals, GDP, Investment, Growth topic of indian economy mcq
- It is successful in the case of wheat, but not in the case of pulses.
- Brought inter-state disparities.
- Help in restoring soil fertility.
- The reduced water table in some states.
(a) Only 2 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) All are correct
(d) 1, 3 and 4
The correct answers to the above question in:
Answer: (b)
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Question : 1
Despite being a high saving economy, capital formation may not result in significant increase in output due to:
a) high population density
b) illiteracy
c) weak administrative machinery
d) high capital-output ratio
Answer »Answer: (d)
First, let us develop the general concept of (average) productivity and marginal productivity.
- 1 Acre Land
- 5 Labourers
- 2 Tonne production
If one acre of land produces 2 Tonnes of food grains, then; Productivity of Land = $\text"Output"/\text"Input(land)"$ ${2\text"Tonne"}/{1 \text"acre"}$ = 2 Tonne/acre
Productivity of Labour =$\text"Output"/\text"Input(labour)" = {2\text"Tonne"}/{5\text"labourer"}$ = 0.4 Tonne/labour
The above two are basically average productivity.
If by adding one extra labour, production increases by 0.2 tonne, then
Marginal productivity of labour = $\text"change in output"/\text"Change in labour" = {0.2\text"tonne"}/{1 \text"labour"}$ = 0.2 tonne/labour
In the same way, productivity of capital = $\text"Output"/\text" Capital"$ Higher is the productivity of capital, it is good for the economy. The inverse of “productivity of capital” is Capital/Output ratio.
A higher capital/output ratio is bad for the economy. If the Capital/Output ratio is 3/1, that means Rs. 1 unit of output is produced from Rs. 3 units of capital. And if the Capital/Output ratio is 4/1, that means to produce Rs. 1 unit of output, Rs. 4 units of capital is required. So, 3/1 is better than 4/1 for the economy.
Generally, if an economy has higher savings, higher capital formation happens. But if the Capital/Output ratio in the economy is high, then that means the productivity of the capital is low, so output production may not increase much even if capital formation is high.
So, the answer is (d)
Question : 2
The importance of agriculture in Indian economy is indicated by its contribution to which of the following?
a) Industrial development and international trade
b) National income and employment
c) All of the above
d) Supply of food grains
Answer »Answer: (c)
Question : 3
Who among the following is associated with ‘White revolution’?
a) Verghese Kurien
b) P.J. Kurien
c) M.S. Raghanathan
d) M.S. Swaminathan
Answer »Answer: (a)
Question : 4
If a country’s growth rate is good but there is no corresponding growth in employment, then which of the following could be the reasons:
a) The growth is coming from both as a result of increase in investment and increase in capacity utilization
b) The growth is coming from increase in investment but not because of better utilization of existing capacity
c) The growth is coming from better utilization of existing capacity and not because of increase in investment
d) None of the above
Answer »Answer: (c)
Higher economic growth comes from
additional investment, or
increase in capacity utilization of the capital stock (factory)
When economic growth comes from new investment then generally more jobs are created but when economic growth comes from better utilization of the existing capacity (which was earlier not utilized properly) then jobs may not get created in the economy.
Question : 5
In India, which of the following have the highest share in the disbursement of credit to agriculture and allied activities?
a) Micro Finance Institution
b) Commercial Banks
c) Co-operative Banks
d) Regional Rural Banks
Answer »Answer: (b)
Question : 6
Which of the following are included as part of India’s GDP?
- Activities in Indian embassies and consulates in other countries
- Air India services between two different countries
- Value addition in India’s economic territory
- Economic activities of residents of India in international waters
a) (ii) & (iii) only
b) (iii) only
c) (i) & (ii) only
d) All of the above
Answer »Answer: (d)
GDP is the total final value of goods and services produced within the domestic territory of a country in a specified time period (generally a financial year).
The concept of domestic territory (economic territory) is different from the geographical or political territory of a country.
The domestic territory of a country includes the following:
- Political frontiers of the country including its territorial waters.
- Ships, and aircrafts operated by the residents of the country between two or more countries, for example, Air India’s services between different countries.
- Fishing vessels, oil and natural gas rigs and floating platforms operated by the residents of the country in the international waters or engaged in extraction in areas where the country has exclusive rights of operation.
- Embassies, consulates and military establishments of the country located in other countries, for example, the Indian embassy in the U.S.A., Japan etc. It excludes all embassies, consulates and military establishments of other countries and offices of international organisations located in India.
Thus, the domestic territory may be defined as the political frontiers of the country including its territorial waters, ships, aircraft, fishing vessels operated by the residents of the country, embassies and consulates located abroad etc.
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