scientist, discoveries & inventions MCQ section 4 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (c)

In 1970, American virologists Howard Martin Temin and David Baltimore along with Japanese virologist Satoshi Mizutani, working independently, reported the discovery of an enzyme that could synthesize proviral DNA from the RNA genome of RSV.

This enzyme was named RNA-directed DNA polymerase, commonly referred to as reverse transcriptase.

Answer: (b)

The ABO blood group system is widely credited to have been discovered by the Austrian scientist Karl Landsteiner, who identified the O, A, and B blood types in 1900. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1930 for his work.

Answer: (c)

Though Gregor Mendel (1822–1884) first suggested the existence of discrete inheritable units, he did not use the term gene.

Gene was coined in 1909 by Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen to describe the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. The related word genetics was first used by William Bateson in 1905.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

William Ferrel was an American meteorologist, developed theories that explained the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation cell in detail. He demonstrated that it is the tendency of rising warm air, as it rotates due to the Coriolis effect, to pull in air from more southerly, warmer regions and transport it poleward.

It is this rotation that creates the complex curvatures in the frontal systems separating the cooler Arctic air to the north from the warmer continental tropical air to the south.

Answer: (d)

Louis Pasteur is traditionally considered as the progenitor of modern immunology because of his studies in the late nineteenth century that popularized the germ theory of disease, and that introduced the hope that all infectious diseases could be prevented as well as treated by vaccination.

He developed immunization methods for chicken cholera and anthrax in animals and for human rabies.