scientist, discoveries & inventions MCQ section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Sir Alexander Fleming discovered the world’s first antibiotic— benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G)—from the mould Penicillium notatum in 1928. For this discovery, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.

Answer: (c)

Ethology is the scientific and objective study of animal behavior, usually with a focus on behavior under natural conditions. The term was first popularized by American myrmecologist (the study of ants) William Morton Wheeler in 1902.

Answer: (a)

The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were two American brothers, who are credited with inventing and building the world’s first successful airplane on December 17, 1903. From 1905 to 1907, the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

The connection between electricity and magnetism was discovered by famous Danish chemist and physicist, Hans Christian Oersted in 1819. Starting about a decade after Oersted’s discovery, Michael Faraday demonstrated essentially the opposite of what Oersted had found–that a changing magnetic field induces an electric current.

He achieved an electrical current from a changing magnetic field, a phenomenon known as electromagnetic induction. Following Faraday’s work, James Clerk Maxwell developed equations, formally unifying electricity and magnetism.

So it was Maxwell who formulated the relationship between electricity and magnetism.

Answer: (c)

The term “ecosystem” was first coined by Roy Clapham in 1930, but it was ecologist Arthur Tansley who fully defined the ecosystem concept.

In his classic article of 1935, Tansley defined ecosystems as “The whole system,… including not only the organism complex but also the whole complex of physical factors forming what we call the environment.”