scientist, discoveries & inventions MCQ section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Paleontology is the study of fossils and the biology of extinct organisms. It is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).

Paleontology lies on the border between biology and geology but differs from archaeology in that it excludes the study of anatomically modern humans

Answer: (d)

A sextant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument used to determine the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation.

Common uses of the sextant include sighting the sun at solar noon or Polaris at night (in the Northern Hemisphere) to determine latitude.

Answer: (b)

Van Leeuwenhoek discovered “protozoa” - the single-celled organisms and he called them “animalcules”. He also improved the microscope and laid the foundation for microbiology. He is often cited as the first microbiologist to study muscle fibres, bacteria, spermatozoa and blood flow in capillaries.

Although, he did not have much education or scientific background, yet he defied all odds to be reckoned as a great scientist through his skilful observations, insight and unmatched curiosity. He revolutionized biological science by exposing microscopic life to the world.