universe & solar system section 5 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

The Big Dipper is an asterism consisting of the seven brightest stars of the constellation Ursa Major. In Hindu astronomy, it is referred to as the “Collection of Seven Great Sages” (Saptarshi Mandal), as each star is named after a mythical Hindu sage.

Answer: (c)

Mars is known as Red planet. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System.

Named after the Roman God of war, it is often described as the “Red Planet” because the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance.

Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

Answer: (c)

Secondary waves (S waves) are the second-fastest traveling seismic waves (after primary waves) and can travel through solids but not through liquids or gases.

It helps scientists to understand the internal structure of the Earth.

Answer: (d)

As Earth revolves around the Sun, there are two moments each year when the Sun is exactly above the equator. These moments — called equinoxes — occur around March 20 or 21 and September 22 or 23.

Equinox literally means “equal night,” since the length of day and night is nearly equal in all parts of the world during the equinoxes. When the Northern Hemisphere starts to tilt toward the sun in spring, the Southern Hemisphere starts to tilt away from the sun, signalling the start of fall.

Thus, in the Southern Hemisphere, the March equinox is called the autumnal equinox, and the September equinox is called the vernal equinox. The summer solstice occurs when the tilt of a planet’s semi-axis, in either the northern or the southern hemisphere, is most inclined toward the star (sun) that it orbits. Earth’s maximum axial tilt toward the sun is 23° 26’. This happens twice each year, at which times the sun reaches its highest position in the sky as seen from the north or the south pole.

The summer solstice occurs during a hemisphere’s summer. This is the northern solstice in the northern hemisphere and the southern solstice in the southern hemisphere. Depending on the shift of the calendar, the summer solstice occurs sometime between June 20 and June 22 in the northern hemisphere and between December 20 and December 23 each year in the southern hemisphere. Winter solstice is an astronomical phenomenon that marks the shortest day and the longest night of the year.

Winter solstice occurs for the Northern Hemisphere in December and for the Southern Hemisphere in June. The point at which the Sun’s path crosses the celestial equator moving from north to south is called the autumnal equinox. the equinox in autumn, on about 22 September in the northern hemisphere and 20 March in the southern hemisphere.