geomorphology & earth landforms section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (d)

The equator passes through 13 countries:

1. Ecuador,
2. Colombia,
3. Brazil,
4. Sao Tome & Principe,
5. Gabon,
6. Republic of the Congo,
7. Democratic Republic of the Congo,
8. Uganda,
9. Kenya,
10. Somalia,
11. Maldives,
12. Indonesia and
13. Kiribati.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (b)

Both the Arctic (North Pole) and the Antarctic (South Pole) are cold because they don’t get any direct sunlight. What makes the South Pole so much colder than the North Pole is that it sits on top of a very thick ice sheet, which itself sits on a continent.

The surface of the ice sheet at the South Pole is more than 9,000 feet in elevation—more than a mile and a half above sea level. This elevation makes the South Pole much colder than the North Pole, which sits in the middle of the Arctic Ocean (National Geographic).

Answer: (c)

Hachures are short disconnected lines drawn on the map to depict the slope of the ground surface. They are drawn in rows; each row being disconnected from the other.

They are short and closely spaced for steep slopes and relatively long and widely spaced for gentler slopes. Hachures are not drawn for levelled areas, such as a flat valley or a plateau top.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Gneiss is a high-grade metamorphic rock formed by the metamorphosis of granite which is a sedimentary rock. Gneiss is typically associated with major mountain building episodes.

It is often foliated (composed of layers of sheet-like planar structures), characterized by alternating darker and lighter coloured bands, called “gneissic banding”.