geomorphology & earth landforms section 2 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Block separation:

Rocks that have developed cracks and joints break off at these cracks. This process is more active on sedimentary rocks. In the case of sedimentary rock, cracks occur near the surface of the earth and rocks disintegrate into almost rectangular pieces.

Answer: (c)

Igneous rock is one of the three main rock types, the others being a sedimentary and metamorphic rock. In terms of modes of occurrence, igneous rocks can be either intrusive (plutonic), extrusive (volcanic) or hypabyssal.

Granite is an intrusive igneous rock that is formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of a planet. They form the central cores of major mountain ranges.

Answer: (d)

Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being a sedimentary and metamorphic rock.

Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks.

This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet’s mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.

Granite is the best-known igneous rock. Many people recognize granite because it is the most common igneous rock found on Earth’s surface and because granite is used to make many objects that we encounter in daily life.

Answer: (a)

1. Bird’s foot Delta: It is with several main branches like the foot of a bird. For example Mississippi Delta.
2. Arcuate Delta: These are just like an arc of a circle. For example The Nile and the Ganges.
3. Estuarine Delta: These deltas are partly submerged in the coastal areas. For eg. The Amazon.
4. Cuspate Delta: Deltas having tooth-like projections are called cuspate delta. For example The Ebro.

Answer: (a)

A moraine is material left behind by a moving glacier. This material is usually soil and rock. Just as rivers carry along all sorts of debris and silt that eventually builds up to form deltas, glaciers transport all sorts of dirt and boulders that build up to form moraines.

Answer: (b)

Barchans are cresentic or moon shaped dunes which occur individually or in groups. They are live dunes which advance steadily before winds that comes from a particular prevailing direction.

They are most prevalent in the deserts of Turkistan and in Sahara.