geomorphology & earth landforms section 1 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (b)

Answer: (a)

Answer: (a)

The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth.

It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.

Answer: (d)

• Earth movements create faults.
• Fluvial effects create flood plains.
• Organic activity creates coral reefs.
• Earth movements create moraines.

Answer: (b)

The winter in the Southern Hemisphere occurs when the Northern hemisphere is tilted more toward the Sun. From the perspective of an observer on the Earth, the winter Sun has a lower maximum altitude in the sky than the summer Sun.

Answer: (b)

The gravity of Earth, denoted g, refers to the acceleration that the Earth imparts to objects on or near its surface. At latitudes nearer the Equator, the inertia produced by Earth’s rotation is stronger than at polar latitudes.

This counteracts the Earth’s gravity to a small degree – up to a maximum of 0.3% at the Equator – reducing the downward acceleration of falling objects. The second major reason for the difference in gravity at different latitudes is that the Earth’s equatorial bulge (itself also caused by inertia) causes objects at the Equator to be farther from the planet’s centre than objects at the poles.

Because the force due to the gravitational attraction between two bodies (the Earth and the object being weighed) varies inversely with the square of the distance between them, an object at the Equator experiences a weaker gravitational pull than an object at the poles.