geomorphology & earth landforms section 8 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Lakes that form inside calderas (a cauldron-like volcanic feature usually formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption) are called caldera lakes. These lakes form as the created depression is filled by water.

For example, Lake Pinatubo, Philippines, formed after the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo filled the depression with water from monsoon rains.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soils and minerals as well as artificial materials through contact with the Earth’s atmosphere, biota and waters. Weathering occurs in situ, or “with no movement.”

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

The average temperature on Earth is about 61o F (16o C). But temperatures vary greatly around the world depending on the time of year, ocean and wind currents and weather conditions.

Summers tend to be warmer and winters colder. Also, temperatures tend to be higher near the equator and lower near the poles.

Answer: (c)

The underground water of Karst topography carves our impressive channels and caves that are susceptible to collapse from the surface. When enough limestone is eroded from underground, a sinkhole (also called a doline) may develop. Sinkholes are depressions that form when a portion of the lithosphere below is eroded away.