ecology & bio environment geography section 2 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (b)

Ecosystems contain essentially two kinds of commodities: matter (nutrients) and energy. Material nutrients cycle through the biotic and abiotic parts of the ecosystem, available for repeated use by the organisms in the ecosystem's community.

However, energy enters an ecosystem by being used to convert low-energy carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrate, then passes through one or more of the organisms of the community, and is then lost to the ecosystem.

Eventually, all of the energy that enters the ecosystem is lost in the form of heat.

Answer: (c)

The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Deciduous trees predominate in most of these forests, and during the drought, a leafless period occurs, which varies with species type.

Teak and Sal, along with mango, bamboo, and rosewood, belong to the moist deciduous forests which shed their leaves in the dry season.

Answer: (b)

Some of the natural sources of air pollution are ground dust, salt spray from oceans, volcanic eruptions, hydrogen sulfides from natural sources, etc. Large amount of gases and ash from volcanic eruptions blacken the skies and increase the background pollution levels for years.

Answer: (c)

Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. There are about 80 different species of mangrove trees.

All of these trees grow in areas with low-oxygen soil, where slow-moving waters allow fine sediments to accumulate.

Answer: (b)

Taiga is a biome characterized by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruces and larches. It is the world’s largest terrestrial biome.

Answer: (d)

An ecosystem is a community of living and nonliving things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.