ecology & bio environment geography section 1 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (c)

Deforestation is a consequence of a quantum jump in population and the consequent over-exploitation of our natural ecosystems for space, energy and materials. Expanding agriculture due to a burgeoning population base is one of the most important causes of deforestation.

As demands on agricultural products rise more and more land is brought under cultivation for which forests are cleared, grass-lands ploughed, uneven grounds levelled, marshes drained and even land underwater is reclaimed.

Answer: (c)

An ecosystem consists of communities of many different species living together, and all the the physical aspects of the particular habitat, such as like soil, water, and weather.

Answer: (c)

Deciduous means “falling off at maturity” “ or “tending to fall off”. It is typically used in order to refer to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally most commonly during autumn and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe.

Common examples of deciduous trees include oak, maple, and hickory trees.

Answer: (d)

El Niño is an irregularly periodical variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean.

Scientists have found an association between El Nino and global warming since El Nino events cause short-term spikes in global average surface temperature.

For example, an increase in the frequency and magnitude of El Niño events have triggered warmer than usual temperatures over the Indian Ocean.5

Answer: (c)

Tropical rainforests exhibit high levels of biodiversity. Around 40% to 75% of all biotic species are indigenous to the rainforests.

Rainforests are home to half of all the living animal and plant species on the planet. Two-thirds of all flowering plants can be found in rainforests.

Answer: (d)

Biosphere refers to that portion of the Earth which is occupied by the various forms of life, in addition to the three main physical zones, the Lithosphere, the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere.