inclusive growth, sustainable development & employment section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

According to the Malthusian theory of population, population increases in a geometrical ratio, whereas food supply increases in an arithmetic ratio.

This disharmony would lead to widespread poverty and starvation, which would only be checked by natural occurrences such as disease, high infant mortality, famine, war or moral restraint.

Answer: (a)

According to new Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) rules, companies spend 2% of their 3 years average annual net profit on CSR activities.

Surplus from CSR activities cannot become a part of the profit of the company.

All CSR activities will have to be within India and the new rules will be applicable to the foreign companies registered in India.

Answer: (c)

Economic Census is conducted by NSO, MoSPI and has no fixed periodicity and presently the 7th Economic Census is being conducted (2019).

The economic census gives insights into the economic activities being carried out across the country, their geographical distribution, the number and distribution of workers, types of ownership and sources of finance.

It covers all structures across the country, whether residential or commercial including informal/unorganized units but excludes certain economic activities such as crop production, plantation activities, illegal activities, public administration and defence, and activities of extra-territorial organisations.

Periodic Labour Force Survey is conducted by National Statistics Office (NSO) to produce annual statistics of employment and unemployment characteristics for both rural and urban areas, along with quarterly estimates for urban areas. Earlier it was conducted after five years.

The household consumption expenditure survey is conducted by National Statistical Office (NSO), after every five years and generates estimates of household Monthly Per Capita Consumer Expenditure.

Census (of the population) is conducted by Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Ministry of Home Affairs after every 10 years. The 2020 census will be digital.

Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) is the most important source of industrial statistics of the registered organized manufacturing sector (Factories registered under Factories Act 1948) of the economy and extends to the entire country. It is conducted annually by MoSPI.

Answer: (d)

Underemployment is a situation in which a worker is employed, but not in the desired capacity, whether in terms of compensation, skill level, experience, education or availability.

While not technically unemployed, the underemployed are often competing for available jobs. Underemployment is a social problem that affects job growth, poverty level, economic growth and emotional health of underemployed workers.

Answer: (c)