buddhism jainism & religious movement quiz set 3 Questions and Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

According to the scriptures of all Buddhist schools, the first Buddhist Council was held soon after the Mahaparinirvana of the Buddha, dated by the majority of recent scholars around 400 BCE, under the patronage of king Ajatasatru with the monk Mahakasyapa presiding, at Sattapanni caves Rajgriha.

Its objective was to preserve the Buddha’s sayings and the monastic discipline or rules (Vinaya).

Answer: (a)

Gautam Buddha, who was prince Siddhartha of Kapilavastu in India/Asia before his enlightenment, is called “The Light of Asia”.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

The Tripitaka is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pali language. It is the most complete extant early Buddhist canon. It was composed in North India, and preserved orally until it was committed to writing during the Fourth Buddhist Council in Sri Lanka in 29 BCE, approximately four hundred and fifty four years after the death of Gautama Buddha.

Answer: (d)

It is believed that soon after the Buddha’s death a council was called at Rajagriha where Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka (rules of the order) and Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka (Buddha’s sermons or doctrines and ethics).

Sometime later the Abhidhamma Pitaka consisting of the Buddhist philosophy came into existence. Buddhism stood between the two extremes: unrestrained individualistic self-indulgence and equally individualistic but preposterous ascetic punishment of the body.

Hence it’s a steady rise and its name ‘The Middle Way’.

Answer: (b)

The knowledge realized by Buddha is reflected in the following four noble truths:

1. There is suffering in human life- when Buddha saw human beings suffering from sickness, pain and death, he concluded that there was definitely suffering in human life. There is pain with birth. Separation from the pleasant is also painful. All the passions that remain unfulfilled are painful. Pain also comes when objects of sensuous pleasure are lost. Thus, life is all pain.
2. There is the cause of suffering the second Noble Truth is related to the cause of suffering. It is a desire that motivates the cycle of birth and death. Therefore, desire is the fundamental cause of suffering.
3. There is a cessation of suffering the third Noble Truth tells that when passion, desire and love of life are totally destroyed, the pain stops. This Truth leads to the end of sorrow, which causes pain in human life. It involves the destruction of ego (aham or ahamkara), attachment, jealousy, doubt and sorrow. That state of mind is the state of freedom from desire, pain and any kind of attachment. It is the state of complete peace, leading to nirvana.
4. Path of Liberation. The fourth Noble Truth leads to a way that takes to liberation. Thus, initially starting with pessimism, the Buddhist philosophy leads to optimism. Although there is constant suffering in human life, it can be ended finally. Buddha suggests that the way or the path leading to liberation is eightfold, through which one can attain nirvana.