world organisations section 4 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Amnesty International is a non-governmental organisation focused on human rights. Founded by Peter Benenson in London in 1961, Amnesty draws attention to human rights abuses and campaigns for compliance with international laws and standards. It was awarded the 1977 Nobel Peace Prize for its campaign against torture.

Answer: (a)

ILO stands for International Labour Organization. It is a United Nations agency dealing with labour issues, particularly international labour standards, social protection, and work opportunities for all. Formed in 1919, it is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

Answer: (d)

The International Court of Justice is composed of fifteen judges elected to nine-year terms by the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council from a list of persons nominated by the national groups in the Permanent Court of Arbitration.

The election process is set out in Articles 4–19 of the ICJ statute. Elections are staggered with five judges elected every three years, in order to ensure continuity within the court.

Answer: (a)

1. United Nations Industrial Development Organization: Vienna, Austria;

2. Food and Agricultural Organization: Rome, Italy;

3. World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland; and

4. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization: Paris, France.

Answer: (c)

The United Nations Organization was established on 24 October 1945, to promote international cooperation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, it was created following the Second World War to prevent another such conflict.

At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; the number has now increased to 193.

Answer: (c)

Zia-ul-Rehman, the former President of Bangladesh, was the chief architect of SAARC. It was he who first proposed a trade bloc in the South Asian region.