world organisations section 3 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

The headquarters of the United Nations is a complex in New York City. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of Manhattan (New York).

Answer: (d)

The United Nations and its specialized agencies decide on substantive and administrative issues in regular meetings held throughout the year.

The organization has "Six Principal Organs":

1. The General Assembly (the main deliberative assembly);
2. The Security Council (for deciding certain resolutions for peace and security);
3. The Economic and Social Council (for assisting in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development);
4. The Secretariat (for providing studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN);
5. The International Court of Justice (the primary judicial organ); and
6. The United Nations Trusteeship Council (which is currently inactive).

Other prominent "3 UN System agencies" include,

1. The World Health Organization (WHO),
2. The World Food Programme (WFP) and
3. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).

Specialised agencies are autonomous organisations working with the United Nations and each other through the coordinating machinery of the United Nations Economic and Social Council at the intergovernmental level.

Following are the list of 12 specialised agencies:

1. Food and Agriculture Organization;
2. International Civil Aviation Organization;
3. International Fund for Agricultural Development;
4. International Labour Organization;
5. International Maritime Organization
6. ; International Monetary Fund;
7. The International Telecommunication Union;
8. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization;
9. United Nations Industrial Development Organization;
10. The Universal Postal Union;
11. World Bank Group;
12. World Health Organization;

Answer: (d)

The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, also known as the Permanent Five, Big Five, or P5, include the following five governments: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The members represent the great powers considered the victors of World War II.

The five permanent members of the Security Council were the victorious powers in World War II and have maintained the world’s most powerful military forces ever since.

They annually top the list of countries with the highest military expenditures; in 2011, they spent over US$1 trillion combined on defence, accounting for over 60% of global military expenditures (the U.S. alone accounting for over 40%).

They are also the only countries officially recognized as “nuclear-weapon states” under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Answer: (a)

The International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) was an international trade union.

It came into being on 7 December 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) and was dissolved on 31 October 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) to form the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC).

Prior to being dissolved, the ICFTU had a membership of 157 million members in 225 affiliated organisations in 148 countries and territories.

Answer: (b)

Ban Ki-Moon is a native of South Korea. He is the Secretary-General of the United Nations since 2007.

Note: As of 2017, the Secretary-General is António Guterres and he is a Portuguese politician and diplomat who is serving as the ninth Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Previously, he was the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees between 2005 and 2015.

Answer: (c)

The IMF works to foster global growth and economic stability. It provides policy advice and financing to members in economic difficulties and also works with developing nations to help them achieve macroeconomic stability and reduce poverty.

Its two primary functions were: to oversee the fixed exchange rate arrangements between countries, thus helping national governments manage their exchange rates and allowing these governments to prioritize economic growth, and to provide short-term capital to aid balance-of-payments.