world organisations section 2 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (a)

Trygve Lie, a Norwegian politician, served as the first Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1946 to 1952.

His election as the UN Secretary-General was a result of a compromise between the major powers. As Secretary-General, Lie supported the foundations of Israel and Indonesia.

Answer: (b)

The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, also known as the Permanent Five, include China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The members represent the five great powers considered the victors of World War II.

Answer: (d)

In June 2002, the Mahabodhi Temple became a UNESCO World Heritage Site, specifically nominated for the international World heritage program. The Mahabodhi Temple Complex is one of the four holy sites related to the life of the Lord Buddha, and particularly to the attainment of Enlightenment.

The first temple was built by Emperor Asoka in the 3rd century B.C., and the present temple dates from the 5th or 6th centuries. It is one of the earliest Buddhist temples built entirely in brick, still standing in India, from the late Gupta period.

Note: There are 35 (27 cultural, 7 natural and 1 mixed) World Heritage Sites in India that are recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as of July 2016.

Three new sites – “Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara (Nalanda University)” at Nalanda, Bihar, “Capitol Building Complex – The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier” in Chandigarh and “Khangchendzonga National Park, Sikkim” has been added to the list in July 2016.

Answer: (c)

Jim Yong Kim took over as the President of World Bank on July 1,2012. He succeeded Robert Zoellick.

Answer: (c)

Applying in 1969 were Britain, Ireland, Denmark and Norway. Norway, however, declined to accept the invitation to become a member, and then later accepted with the electorate voting against it leaving just the UK, Ireland and Denmark to join.

But despite the setbacks and the withdrawal of Greenland from Denmark’s membership in 1985, three more countries joined the Communities before the end of the Cold War.

In 1987, the geographical extent of the project was tested when Morocco applied, and was rejected as it was not considered a European country.1990 saw the Cold War drawing to a close, and East Germany was welcomed into the community as part of a reunited Germany.

Shortly after, the previously neutral countries of Austria, Finland and Sweden acceded to the new European Union, though Switzerland, which applied in 2002, froze its application due to opposition from voters while Norway, which had applied once more, had its voters reject membership again.

Note: Brexit is a commonly used term for the United Kingdom’s planned withdrawal from the European Union. Following the 2016 referendum vote to leave, the UK government started the withdrawal process on 29 March 2017, putting the UK on course to leave by April 2019.

Answer: (a)

India was among the 17 founding fathers who took part in the 1944 Bretton Woods conference which conceived the idea of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) – commonly known as the “World Bank”.

The Bank’s New Delhi office, established in 1957, is the oldest continuously functioning World Bank country office. India, together with 184 other countries, owns the World Bank which is a cooperative of member nations.

All member countries are represented on the Bank’s Board, which holds the ultimate decision making power at the Bank.