world organisations section 2 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (c)

Applying in 1969 were Britain, Ireland, Denmark and Norway. Norway, however, declined to accept the invitation to become a member, and then later accepted with the electorate voting against it leaving just the UK, Ireland and Denmark to join.

But despite the setbacks and the withdrawal of Greenland from Denmark’s membership in 1985, three more countries joined the Communities before the end of the Cold War.

In 1987, the geographical extent of the project was tested when Morocco applied, and was rejected as it was not considered a European country.1990 saw the Cold War drawing to a close, and East Germany was welcomed into the community as part of a reunited Germany.

Shortly after, the previously neutral countries of Austria, Finland and Sweden acceded to the new European Union, though Switzerland, which applied in 2002, froze its application due to opposition from voters while Norway, which had applied once more, had its voters reject membership again.

Note: Brexit is a commonly used term for the United Kingdom’s planned withdrawal from the European Union. Following the 2016 referendum vote to leave, the UK government started the withdrawal process on 29 March 2017, putting the UK on course to leave by April 2019.

Answer: (c)

Jim Yong Kim took over as the President of World Bank on July 1,2012. He succeeded Robert Zoellick.

Answer: (d)

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), an international financial institution that offers loans to middle-income developing countries, is known as the World Bank.

It is the original World Bank institution and works closely with the rest of the World Bank Group to help developing countries reduce poverty, promote economic growth, and build prosperity.

Answer: (c)

At the U.N.’s founding in 1946, the five permanent members of the Security Council were the French Fourth Republic, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and the Soviet Union.

Under Article 27 of the UN Charter, Security Council decisions on all substantive matters require the affirmative votes of nine members. A negative vote or veto, also known as the rule of “great power unanimity”, by a permanent member prevents the adoption of a proposal.

Answer: (d)

weden was admitted into the United Nations Organization in 1946; Switzerland in 2002; and both Syrian Arab Republic and Turkey in 1945.

The United States recognizes 195 countries, 193 of which are part of the United Nations. The two countries that are not UN members are Vatican City (Holy See) and Palestine. Both are considered non-member states of the United Nations, allow them to participate as permanent observers of the General Assembly, and are provided access to UN documents.

Permanent observers of the United Nations often join the United Nations eventually as full members. This happens when member states recognize their independence and their governments and economies are stable enough to support the initiatives set forth by the UN.

Answer: (b)

Established in 1944, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is structured like a cooperative.

IBRD raises most of its funds on the world’s financial markets and has become one of the most established borrowers since issuing its first bond in 1947.