ecology & bio environment geography section 1 Practice Questions Answers Test with Solutions & More Shortcuts

Answer: (a)

Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea-level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years.

The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea-level rise.

Answer: (d)

During summer, the Bay of Bengal is subject to intense heating, giving rise to humid and unstable air masses that produce cyclones. Widespread death and property destruction are reported every year in exposed coastal states such as Andhra Pradesh and Odisha.

Although cyclones affect the entire coast of India, the East Coast is more prone compared to the West Coast. Out of the cyclones that develop in the Bay of Bengal, over 58 per cent approach and cross the east coast in October and November.

Only 25 per cent of the cyclones that develop over the Arabian Sea approach the west coast. In the pre-monsoon season, corresponding figures are 25 per cent over the Arabian Sea and 30 per cent over the Bay of Bengal.

Answer: (d)

Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area.

Such major ecosystems are termed biomes. Biomes are defined by factors such as plant structures (such as trees, shrubs, and grasses), leaf types (such as broadleaf and needleleaf), plant spacing (forest, woodland, savanna), and climate. Major biomes include deserts, forests, grasslands, tundra, and several types of aquatic environments. Each biome consists of many ecosystems whose communities have adapted to the small differences in climate and the environment inside the biome.

Answer: (b)

The biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. It is termed the zone of life on Earth.

Answer: (d)

Our ever-increasing addiction to electricity from coal-burning power plants releases enormous amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 40% of U.S. CO2 emissions come from electricity production, and burning coal accounts for 93% of emissions from the electric utility industry.

Every day, more electric gadgets flood the market, and without widespread alternative energy sources, we are highly dependent on burning coal for our personal and commercial electrical supply.