geomorphology & earth landforms section 1 MCQ Questions & Answers Detailed Explanation

Answer: (d)

Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries.

Tectonic earthquakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.

Answer: (b)

Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property.

Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.

Answer: (d)

An equator is the intersection of a sphere’s surface with the plane perpendicular to the sphere’s axis of rotation and containing the sphere’s center of mass. Notably, the Equator refers to the Earth’s equator, per above: an imaginary line on the Earth’s surface equidistant from the North Pole and the South Pole, dividing the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.

Other planets and spherical astronomical bodies have equators similarly defined. The length of the Equator is roughly 40,075 kilometers.

Answer: (c)

A magnetic Meridian is a line on the earth’s surface approximating a great circle passing through the north and south magnetic poles.

It can be taken as the horizontal component of magnetic force lines along the surface of the earth. A compass needle is parallel to the magnetic meridian.

Answer: (c)

An Artesian aquifer is a confined aquifer containing groundwater under positive pressure. This causes the water level in a well to rise to a point, where hydro-static equilibrium has been reached. This type of well is called an Artesian well.

Water may even reach the ground surface if the natural pressure is high enough, in which case the well is called a flowing Artesian well.