Practice Bio ecology environment - indian geography mcq Online Quiz (set-1) For All Competitive Exams

An ecosystem is a community of living and nonliving things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.

Mercury causes biomagnification problem in the ecosystem.

Although tropical forests cover less than 7% of the earth’s surface they are home to approximately 50% of all living things on earth.

A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.

Forest is a renewable resource.

Part of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere that contains the entire terrestrial ecosystem, and extends from ocean depths to about six kilometers above sea level. Not precisely demarkable, it contains all living organisms and what supports them soil, subsurface water, bodies of water, air and includes hydrosphere and lithosphere.

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type. Species found in such restricted geographical area are called endemic species.

During summer, the Bay of Bengal is subject to intense heating, giving rise to humid and unstable air masses that produce cyclones. Widespread death and property destruction are reported every year in exposed coastal states such as Andhra Pradesh and Odisha.

Although cyclones affect the entire coast of India, the East Coast is more prone compared to the West Coast. Out of the cyclones that develop in the Bay of Bengal, over 58 per cent approach and cross the east coast in October and November.

Only 25 per cent of the cyclones that develop over the Arabian Sea approach the west coast. In the pre-monsoon season, corresponding figures are 25 per cent over the Arabian Sea and 30 per cent over the Bay of Bengal.

Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area.

Such major ecosystems are termed biomes. Biomes are defined by factors such as plant structures (such as trees, shrubs, and grasses), leaf types (such as broadleaf and needleleaf), plant spacing (forest, woodland, savanna), and climate. Major biomes include deserts, forests, grasslands, tundra, and several types of aquatic environments. Each biome consists of many ecosystems whose communities have adapted to the small differences in climate and the environment inside the biome.

The biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. It is termed the zone of life on Earth.

The Steppe is a dry, cold, grassland that is found in all of the continents except Australia and Antarctica. It is mostly found in the USA, Mongolia, Siberia, Tibet and China. is usually found between the desert and the forest.

Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea-level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years.

The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea-level rise.

Deciduous means “falling off at maturity” or “tending to fall off”, and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally, and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe.

In a more general sense, deciduous means the dropping of a part that is no longer needed or falling away after its purpose is finished.

Forests are considered as sinks of carbon dioxide. A carbon sink is anything that absorbs more carbon that it releases, whilst a carbon source is anything that releases more carbon than is absorb. It is for this reason that they are indispensable in the present global scenario marked by increasing global warming and climate change.

A National Park is an area that is strictly reserved for the welfare of wildlife and where activities such as forestry, grazing or cultivation are not allowed. Private ownership, rights and habitat, manipulation are not permitted in a national park.

There are 103 national parks in India covering an area of 40,500 km², which is 1.23% of the geographical area of the country.

Soil, water and climate of a region are the three primary factors significantly influencing the vegetation of a region. Such factors as depth, texture, and humus content of the soil determine the type of vegetation that can be supported in a region.

Again, any vegetation needs moisture to survive and this explains the range which varies from evergreen forests to shrubs.

Temperature also plays a crucial role in plant growth and development with extremes on either end affecting plant growth severely.

The fur of the animals living in colder regions traps the air and keeps them warm.

Some of the natural sources of air pollution are ground dust, salt spray from oceans, volcanic eruptions, hydrogen sulfides from natural sources, etc. Large amount of gases and ash from volcanic eruptions blacken the skies and increase the background pollution levels for years.

Green accounting is a type of accounting that attempts to factor environmental costs into the financial results of operations.

It has been argued that gross domestic product ignores the environment and therefore decision-makers need a revised model that incorporates green accounting.

There will be a decrease in the number of rats simply because rat is a prey to all the three of them and this leads to just a single conclusion that there is decrease in the number of rats.