Practice Based problems makes profit - quantitative aptitude Online Quiz (set-1) For All Competitive Exams

Q-1)   A shopkeeper marks his goods 20% above his cost price and gives 15% discount on the marked price. His gain percent is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

If the C.P. of goods be Rs.100, then

Marked price = Rs.120

S.P. = ${120 × 85}/100$ = Rs.102

Hence, Profit per cent = 2%

Using Rule 8,
A tradesman marks his goods r% above his cost price. If he allows his customers a discount of $r_1$% on the marked price. Then is profit or loss per cent is
${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
(Positive sign signifies profit and negative sign signifies loss).

Here, r = 20%, r1 = 15%

Gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$

= ${20 × (100 - 15)}/100 - 15$

= ${20 × 85}/100 - 15$

= 17 - 15 = 2%


Q-2)   The marked price of a radio is Rs.4,800. The shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% and gains 8%. If no discount is allowed, his gain per cent will be

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Let CP of radio be Rs.x.

According to the question,

${108x}/100 = 4800 × 90/100 = 4320$

$x {4320 × 100}/108$ = Rs.4000

If no discount is allowed,

Gain per cent

= $800/4000 × 100 = 20%$

Using Rule 6,

M.P. = Rs.4800, D = 10%, r = 8%

$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 + r}/{100 - D}$

$4800/\text"CP" = {100 + 8}/{100 - 10}$

C.P. = ${4800 × 90}/108$

C.P. = 4000

Gain % (without discount)

= ${4800 - 4000}/4000 × 100$

= $800/4000 × 100$ = 20%


Q-3)   The marked price of an electric iron is Rs.690. The shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% and gains 8%. If no discount is allowed, his gain per cent would be

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Marked price = Rs.690

Discount = 10%

SP = ${690 × 90}/100$ = Rs.621

Profit = 8%

CP = $621/108 × 100$ = Rs.575

Profit without discount

= 690 - 575 = Rs.115

Profit per cent

= $115/575 × 100$ = 20%

Using Rule 9,
The marked price of an article is fixed in such a way that after allowing a discount of r% a profit of R% is obtained. Then the marked price of the article is $({r + R}/{100 - r} × 100)$% more than its cost price.

Here, r = 10% R = 20%

Required percentage

= ${r + R}/{100 - r} × 100$%

= ${10 + 20}/{100 - 10} × 100$%

= $30/90 × 100% = 33{1}/3%$

Gain % = $\text"S.P. - C.P."/\text"C.P." × 100$

(without discount)

= ${480 - 400}/400 × 100$

= $80/400 × 100$ = 20%

Using Rule 6,
If r% of profit or loss occur after giving D% discount on marked price, then
$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 ± r}/{100 - D}$
(positive sign for profit and negative for loss)

Here, M.P. = Rs.690, D = 10%, r = 8%

$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 + r}/{100 - D}$

$600/\text"CP" = {100 + 8}/{100 - 10}$

C.P. = ${690 × 90}/108$

C.P. = Rs.575

Gain % (without discount)

= ${690 - 575}/575 = 100%$

= $115/575 × 100%$ = 20%


Q-4)   How much percent more than the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so that after allowing a discount of 25% on the marked price, he gains 20% ?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Let C.P.of article = Rs.100

If the marked price of article be x, then

$x × 75/100$ = 120

$x = {120 × 100}/75$ = 160

i.e. 60% above the cost price

Using Rule 9,

r = 25%, R = 20%

Required percentage

= $({r + R}/{100 - r} × 100)$%

= $({25 + 20}/{100 - 25} × 100)$%

= $45/75 × 100$ = 60%


Q-5)   An article of cost price Rs.8,000 is marked at Rs.11,200. After allowing a discount of x% a profit of 12% is made. The value of x is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

S.P. for a profit of 12%

= ${8000 × 112}/100$ = Rs.8960

Discount = 11200 - 8960 = Rs.2240

If the discount per cent be x, then

${11200 × x}/100 = 2240$

$x = {2240 × 100}/11200 = 20%$

Using Rule 6,

Here, M.P. = Rs.11200, C.P. = Rs.8000

r =12% D = x%

$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 + r}/{100 - D}$

$11200/8000 = {100 + 12}/{100 - x}$

= $11200/8000 = 112/{100 - x}$

100 - x = 80 ⇒ x = 20%


Q-6)   A trader wishes to gain 20% after allowing 10% discount on the marked price to his customers. At what per cent higher than the cost price must he marks his goods ?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Let the CP be Rs.100.

Then SP = Rs.120

Let the marked price be x.

Then, 90% of x = Rs.120

$x = {120 × 100}/90$

= $400/3 = 133{1}/3$

It is $33{1}/3$% higher than the CP.


Q-7)   In order to maintain the price line a trader allows a discount of 10% on the marked price of an article. However, he still makes a profit of 17% on the cost price. Had he sold the article at the marked price, he would have earned a profit per cent of

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Let the marked price be Rs.100.

S.P. = 90% of 100 = Rs.90

Profit = 17%

C.P. = Rs.$90 × 100/117$ = Rs.$1000/13$

If no discount is allowed,

S.P. = Rs.100

Profit = Rs.$(100 - 1000/13)$ = Rs.$300/13$

Profit % = ${300/13}/{1000/13}$ × 100 = 30%

Using Rule 6,

Here, D = 10%, r = 17%,

Let the M.P. = Rs.100

$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 + r}/{100 - D}$

$100/\text"CP" = {100 + 17}/{100 - 10}$

$100/\text"C.P." = 117/90$

C.P. = ${100 × 90}/117 = 1000/13$

Profit = S.P. - C.P.

= $100 - 1000/13$ = Rs.$300/13$

Profit % = ${300/13}/{1000/13} × 100%$ = 30%


Q-8)   A trader allows a trade discount of 20% and a cash discount of 6$1/4$% on the marked price of the goods and gets a net gain of 20% of the cost. By how much above the cost should the goods be marked for the sale ?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Let C.P. of article = Rs.100

Marked price = x

Single equivalent discount

= $(20 + {25/4} - {20 × 25}/400)$% = 25%

$x × 75/100$ = 120

$x = {120 × 100}/75$ = Rs.160

160 - 100 = 60%


Q-9)   After allowing a discount of 16%, there was still a gain of 5%. Then the percentage of marked price over the cost price is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Let the C.P. of article be Rs.100 and its marked price be x.

$x × 84/100 = 105$

$x = {105 × 100}/84 = 125$

Required percentage = 25%

Using Rule 6,

Here, r = 5% D = 16%

$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 + r}/{100 - D}$

= ${100 + 5}/{100 - 16} = 105/84$

Required Percentage

= ${105 - 84}/84 × 100$ = 25%


Q-10)   The marked price of an electric iron is Rs.300. The shopkeeper allows a discount of 12% and still gains 10%. If no discount is allowed, his gain per cent would have been :

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

SP of electric iron

= 88% of 300

= Rs.${300 × 88}/100$ = Rs.264

Profit = 10%

CP of electric iron

= $100/110 × 264$ = Rs.240

After no discount,

Gain = 300 - 240 = Rs.60

Gain per cent

= $60/240$ × 100 = 25%

Using Rule 6,

Here, M.P. = Rs.300, r = 10%, D = 12%.

$\text"MP"/\text"CP" = {100 + r}/{100 - D}$

$300/\text"CP" = {100 + 10}/{100 - 12}$

C.P. = ${300 × 88}/110$

Gain % (without discount)

= ${300 - 240}/240 × 100$ = 25%