model 2 hiking & discounting Section-Wise Topic Notes With Detailed Explanation And Example Questions
MOST IMPORTANT quantitative aptitude - 4 EXERCISES
The following question based on discount topic of quantitative aptitude
(a) 10 %
(b) 2 %
(c) 5 %
(d) 15%
The correct answers to the above question in:
Answer: (c)
Let the cost price be Rs.100.
Marked price = Rs.140
S.P. = ${75 × 140}/100$ = Rs.105
Profit per cent = 5%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 40%, $r_1$ = 25%
Profit % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${40 × (100 - 25)}/100 - 25$
= ${40 × 75}/100 - 25$
= $3000/100$ - 25
= 30 - 25 = 5%
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Question : 1
What price should a shopkeeper mark on an article costing him Rs.200 to gain 35% after allowing a discount of 25% ?
a) Rs.300
b) Rs.360
c) Rs.330
d) Rs.270
Answer »Answer: (b)
Let the marked price be x.
${x × 75}/100 = 200 × 135/100$
$x = {200 × 135}/75$ = Rs.360
Using Rule 9,The marked price of an article is fixed in such a way that after allowing a discount of r% a profit of R% is obtained. Then the marked price of the article is $({r + R}/{100 - r} × 100)$% more than its cost price.
Here, r = 25%, R = 35%, C.P. = Rs.200
Marked price
= Rs.$200 + 200 × ({r + R}/{100 - r} × 100)$%
= $200 + 200 × ({25 + 35}/{100 - 25})$ × 100%
= 200 + ${200 × 60}/75 × 100%$
= 200 + ${200 × 20 × 4}/100$
= 200 + 160 = Rs.360
Question : 2
The marked price of an article is Rs.500. A shopkeeper gives a discount of 5% and still makes a profit of 25%. The cost price of the article is.
a) Rs.380
b) Rs.376
c) Rs.300
d) Rs.384
Answer »Answer: (a)
Cost price of the article = Rs.x
$x × 125/100 = {500 × 95}/100$
$x = {500 × 95}/125$ = Rs.380
Using Rule 6,
Here, R = 25%, D = 5%, M.P. = Rs.500, C.P. = ?
$\text"M.P."/\text"C.P."= {100 + r}/{100 - D}$
$500/\text"C.P."= {100 + 25}/{100 - 5}$
C.P. = ${500 × 95}/125$ = Rs.38
Question : 3
A shopkeeper marks his goods at 30% above the cost price but allows a discount of 10% at the time of sale. His gain is
a) 20%
b) 17%
c) 18%
d) 21%
Answer »Answer: (b)
Let the CP of the article be 100.
According to the question,
The marked price = Rs.130
Discount = 10%
SP = 90% of 130
= ${130 × 90}/100$ = Rs.117
Gain = 117 - 100 = Rs.17
Gain per cent = 17%
since the CP = Rs.100
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 30%, $r_1$ = 10%
gain % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${30 × (100 - 10)}/100 - 10$
= ${30 × 90}/100 - 10$ = 17%
Question : 4
If a shopkeeper marks the price of goods 50% more than their cost price and allows a discount of 40%, what is his gain or loss percent ?
a) Loss of 10%
b) Loss of 20%
c) Gain of 20%
d) Gain of 10%
Answer »Answer: (a)
C.P. of article = Rs.100
Marked price = Rs.150
S.P. = ${150 × 60}/100$ = Rs.90
Loss = 100 - 90 = Rs.10 i.e. 10%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 50%, $r_1$ = 40%
His loss % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${50 × (100 - 40)}/100 - 40$
= ${50 × 60}/100 - 40$
= –10% (–ve sign shows loss)
= 10% loss
Question : 5
In a shop, shirts are usually sold at 40% above the cost price. During a sale, the shopkeeper offers a discount of 10% off the usual selling price. If he manages to sell 72 shirts for Rs.13,608, then his cost price per shirt, (in Rs.) is
a) 150
b) 125
c) 149
d) 210
Answer »Answer: (a)
Let the CP of each shirt be Rs.100,
then SP = Rs.140.
New SP = ${140 × 90}/100$ = Rs.126
When S.P. is Rs.126,
C.P. = Rs.100
When S.P. is Rs.$13608/72$,
then C.P. = $100/126 × 13608/72$ = Rs.150
Question : 6
A seller marks his goods 30% above their cost price but allows 15% discount for cash payment. His percentage of profit when sold in cash is
a) 15%
b) 8.5%
c) 9%
d) 10.5%
Answer »Answer: (d)
Let the C.P. be Rs.100
Marked price = Rs.130
S.P. = 85% of Rs.130
= Rs.$({85 × 130}/100)$ = Rs.110.5
Gain percent = 10.5%
Using Rule 8,
Here, r = 30%, $r_1$ = 15%
Profit % = ${r × (100 - r_1)}/100 - r_1$
= ${30 × (100 - 15)}/100 - 15$
= ${30 × 85}/100$ - 15
= 25.5 - 15 = 10.5%
GET discount PRACTICE TEST EXERCISES
model 1 profit x after discount y
model 2 hiking & discounting
model 3 successive discount
model 4 mixed discount problems of marked price
discount Shortcuts and Techniques with Examples
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